Make sure you're using "SSH" and port 22. Putty default connections are for COM port connections.
Have you tried simply using "recalbox" instead of an IP?
Last, can you try either an alternate WiFi router such as your cell phone? Turn on moblie hot spot, connect your PC to your hotspot (might want to try some simple network tests to confirm it's working) then connect your RB to your phone?
Alternatively, you can use a RJ45 ethernet cross-over cable, but that's going to involve a lot more work using DOS commands like ARP.
Either of these will eliminate network rules that may be blocking the connection.
