@enid Have you tried mapping the joystick? Have you tried with another joystick? Have you tried with a keyboard?
Does this happen in 1 single game? In a single emulator?
When you recorded the official image, how did you transfer the ROMS to this new image? I mean, if you use the clean image, and add only the SNES Super Mario World rom, does it work the same way?
I'm assuming that if you transfer a backup of the entire SHARE folder to the new image, maybe some old configuration file is the problem, I do not know if that's the case, it's just a guess (since you made it clear that you already use Recalbox on the other devices).